While specific steps vary by approach, generally they involve:
Anesthesia: You will be given general anesthesia.
Incision: An incision is made over the target area of the spine.
Access: Muscles and soft tissues are carefully moved aside to expose the vertebrae.
Decompression (if needed): Any bone spurs, herniated disc material, or thickened ligaments pressing on nerves may be removed.
Disc removal (if needed): Damaged discs between vertebrae are typically removed.
Bone Graft Placement: Bone graft material (from your body, a donor, or synthetic) is placed in the space between the vertebrae. Cages or spacers may be used to hold the space open.
Stabilization: Metal screws, rods, or plates are often used to provide immediate stability while the fusion occurs.
Closure: Tissues are returned to their place, and the incision is closed.
How long will the surgery last?
The duration varies significantly based on the number of spinal levels being fused, the complexity of the case, and the surgical approach. A single-level fusion might take 2-4 hours, while more complex multi-level fusions can take 6-8 hours or longer.
Disc replacement surgery provides a less invasive alternative to spinal fusion surgery and protects against adjacent level degeneration.
Medically Reviewed By
Dr. med. Karsten Ritter-Lang M.D.
Diploma of medicine (Institut of Immunology Charité)
1988 – 1991
Doctorade of medicine (Institut of Immunology Charité)
Senior consultant of spinal surgery in two hospitals (DRK Berlin Westend and Stenum Hospital) and private practice in Potsdam,ENDOCERT Certified awarded the title and certification of Specialist for Trauma Surgery (Facharzt für Unfallchirurgie) in 2009